The littlehead porgy (Calamus proridens) is an ocean-going species of gamefish of the family, Sparidae. It is only found in the western portion of the tropical Atlantic Ocean where they are often caught and used as food. The Littlehead porgy was described in 1884 by the ichthyologists David Starr Jordan and Charles Henry Gilbert, who were both professors (Jordan later became president) of Stanford University. Description While maturing, Littlehead porgies usually reach between 17 and 22 cm in length. Fully grown adults are commonly 37 cm, although they have been recorded to grow up to 46 cm. When compared to other members of their genus, they can be distinguished by having small scales, and relatively deep bodies with steep profiles. The molar-like teeth, that all porgies have, are more similar to canines in this species. Littlehead porgies are generally silver in color, with violet spots on their scales that form stripes on their upper bodies. These stripes are then crossed by darker bars of color. The Littlehead porgy has been described as one of the most brightly colored members of the porgy family, which contains well over 100 species in 37 genera. Distribution and habitat Littlehead porgies are often found near coral reefs, such as this one near Key Largo. Known only from the western Atlantic ocean, Littlehead porgies are found off the northeast coast of Florida and in the northern Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean, south to the Bay of Campeche, which lies to the west of the Yucatan peninsula, and northern South America. They are normally associated with reefs and can be found on hard spongey or coral bottoms where they feed primarily on invertebrates, such as crustaceans, and often migrate cyclically between feeding and spawning grounds. The Littlehead porgy can be preyed upon by seabirds such as the Sooty tern.
